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目的分析2006—2013年江阴市职业病的发病状况及原因,为探索干预职业病发生提供可靠依据。方法以2006—2013年江阴市疾病预防控制中心收到的职业病病例报告卡确诊的职业病病例作为分析对象,分析职业病种类、年度发布、发病特征、行业分布等。结果 2006—2013年中江阴市共新发835例职业病病例,职业病病种涉及7大类26种。以尘肺病为主(672/835,80.5%),其中又以矽肺多见(638/672,94.9%),多数病例发生于2004年江阴市已关闭的采矿企业的退休人员中。发病主要集中在集体企业、私营的小型企业,主要分布在非金属矿采矿及其制品业、设备制造业和化工等行业,但某些劳务输出等新行业也出现病例;其次为化学物导致的皮肤灼伤及眼灼伤,分别占6.6%(55/835例)及6.8%(57/835例)。结论江阴市2006—2013年职业病发病形势严峻,主要以尘肺病、化学物灼伤为主,集体企业及私营小型企业是职业病防治的重点。
Objective To analyze the incidence and causes of occupational diseases in Jiangyin City from 2006 to 2013 and provide a reliable basis for exploring the intervention of occupational diseases. Methods Based on the occupational disease cases reported by Jiangyin CDC from 2006 to 2013, the types of occupational diseases, the annual release, the incidence characteristics and the distribution of industries were analyzed. Results A total of 835 cases of occupational diseases were newly recruited in Jiangyin City from 2006 to 2013. 26 kinds of occupational diseases were involved in 7 major categories. Pneumoconiosis was the most common (672/835, 80.5%), with silicosis more common (638/672 and 94.9%), most of which occurred in retired workers in mining enterprises that had been closed in 2004 in Jiangyin City. The incidence mainly concentrated in the collective enterprises and private small enterprises, mainly in non-metallic mineral mining and its products, equipment manufacturing and chemical industries, but some new services such as labor exports also appeared in cases; followed by chemicals Skin burns and eye burns accounted for 6.6% (55/835) and 6.8% (57/835) respectively. Conclusions The incidence of occupational diseases in Jiangyin from 2006 to 2013 was severe, with pneumoconiosis and chemical burns as the main factors. Collectively-owned enterprises and privately-owned small-scale enterprises were the focus of occupational disease prevention and control.