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目的:观察大鼠脑缺血再灌注后大脑皮质第一躯体感觉运动区(S I区)、视上核神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,nNOS)免疫阳性神经元形态、数量变化以探讨nNOS在缺血性脑损伤中的变化规律和作用。方法:健康SD大鼠84只,体重220～250 g,随机分为2组:(1)脑缺血再灌注损伤模型组:用双侧颈总动脉阻塞法建立脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。(2)假手术组:只分离双侧颈总动脉而不阻断血流。分别于术后即刻、1、2、3 d、1、2、4周灌注取脑,nNOS免疫细胞化学染色,观察大脑皮质S I区、视上核内nNOS免疫阳性神经元形态及数量变化。结果:结扎双侧颈总动脉后1、2 d和2周,S I区nNOS免疫阳性神经元数量显著低于假手术组(P<0.05);结扎双侧颈总动脉后1周,视上核nNOS免疫阳性神经元数量显著低于假手术组(P<0.05)。结论:脑缺血再灌注损伤后,S I区、视上核内nNOS免疫阳性神经元数量的减少可能参与了再灌注损伤的保护机制。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological and quantitative changes of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunoreactive neurons in the first somatosensory motor cortex (SI) and the supraoptic nucleus following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats In order to investigate the regularity and effect of nNOS in ischemic brain injury. Methods: Totally 84 healthy SD rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model group: The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. (2) Sham-operation group: only the common carotid artery was separated without interrupting blood flow. The morphological and quantitative changes of nNOS immunoreactive neurons in the cerebral cortex S I area and the supraoptic nucleus were observed by immunocytochemical staining after brain injury and nNOS injection at the immediately postoperative 1, 2, 3 d, 1, 2 and 4 weeks respectively. Results: At 1, 2 and 2 weeks after ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries, the number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons in SI area was significantly lower than that in sham operation group (P <0.05). One week after ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries, The number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons was significantly lower than that of sham operation group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The decreased number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons in the SCI and supraoptic nucleus after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may be involved in the protective mechanism of reperfusion injury.