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where一词可以用来引导名词性从句、地点状语从句和定语从句等,高考试题对于where引导地点状语从句和定语从句的考查较为频繁,where一词的考点几乎是历年高考试题中的热门考点,以下笔者结合典型考例对where一词的考点进行讲解与评析,供大家参考。
Keep your promises.
一、 where引导定语从句
关系副词where引导定语从句来修饰表示地点的先行词,where一词在定语从句中起引导作用，同时在从句中充当地点状语。例如：
(1) This is the place where (at which) Jack parks his car.
这是杰克停车的地方。
(2) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
在巴黎住了50年后,他回到了他曾在那儿长大的那个小镇。
(3) That car factory is the one where my mother ever worked.
这个汽车工厂就是我母亲曾经工作过的那个厂。
注意:where引导定语从句的一个热点和难点是：where引导定语从句修饰表示非地点名词的先行词。该类试题因为先行词为非地点名词,往往容易忽略使用where来引导,其实,此类试题中的where等同于“介词+which”,如：
(1) Bungee jumping is a sport where a person makes a vertical jump from a high platform with a rubber cord tied to their ankles so that they bounce. (where=in which)
蹦极是一种体育运动,在这种运动中一个人从一个高台上进行垂直跳跃时把橡皮绳绑在脚踝上因此能弹跳起来。
(2) I think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. (where=in which)
我思考了许多例子,在这些例子中学生显然懂得了很多英语单词和表达却写不出好文章。
(3) He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. (where=in which)
他使自己陷入了一个危险的境地,在这种情形下他很有可能失去对飞机的控制。
(4) Livemocha.com is a free site where visitors can not just learn languages but also chat online．
Livemocha.com是一个免费的网站,在这个网站上游客们不仅仅可以学习语言也可以在线聊天。(where=on which)
【典题链接与巩固】
1. —What do you think of teaching, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job you are doing something serious but interesting.(２０09北京卷)
A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that
2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation_________they can see themselves differently.(２０09福建卷)
A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where
3. I have reached a point in my life_________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.(２０09浙江卷)
A. whichB. whereC. howD. why
4. After graduation she reached a point in her career_________she needed to decide what to do．
A. that B. what_________C. whichD. where
5. Mozart’s birthplace and the house_________he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.(２009上海卷)
A. whereB. whenC. there D. which
【答案与解析】
1. A where引导先行词为非地点名词的定语从句,where相当于in which，表示“在这份工作中你会做一些很严肃却很有趣的事情”。
2. D 解题思路同上。
3. B 解题思路同上。
4. D 解题思路同上。
5. A 先行词为地点名词,where在定语从句中充当地点状语。
即使没有快乐的感觉，也要努力表现出来。
二、 where引导地点状语从句
使用从句来表示的地点状语称之为地点状语从句,地点状语的引导词主要为where或wherever,地点状语从句表示的是一个地点或方位。地点状语从句在理解时可以看做为一个介词短语，这样可以简化理解上的难度,如：
(1) After the war, a new school building was set up where there had once been a theater. (此处where引导的地点状语从句相当于in some place,即一个新的学校在某个地方被建立起来了。)
战后,一所新的学校在电影院的原址上被建了起来。
(2) Where there is a will, there is a way．
有志者事竟成。
【典题链接与巩固】
1._________unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.(２０09江苏卷)
A. BeforeB. WhereC. Unless D. Until
2. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help_________there is human suffering．
A. whoeverB. however
C. whateverD. wherever
3. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.(２０09山东卷)
A. whereB. what C. how D. who
【答案与解析】
1. B where引导地点状语从句,where unemployment and crime are high相当于一个介词短语表示的地点,意为：失业率和犯罪率高的地方。
2. D wherever表示无论何地。题意为：在和平年代，红十字会将帮助送到有人遭受痛苦的地方。
3. A remain一词后的地点状语where she was表示“她刚才的地方”,表示就待在她刚才的地方等她的母亲。
三、 where引导名词性从句
where引导名词性从句，在从句中起引导作用，同时在从句中充当地点状语这一成分,如：
(1) Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.(where引导主语从句并且在主语从句中充当地点状语)
我们将在什么地方进行测试还在讨论之中。
(2) The problem is where we should set up our new hospital.(表语从句)
问题是我们应该在什么地方建立我们的新医院。
(3) You will never know where I had the suit made.(宾语从句)
你永远都不知道我是在什么地方做的衣服。
(4) They have no idea at all where he has gone.(同位语从句)
他们根本不知道他去了哪里。
【典题链接与巩固】
1. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob？ That’s the best jobs are.(２０07浙江卷)
A. whereB. what C. when D. why
2. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_________the party is to be held？(２０08陕西卷)
A. whatB. whichC. that D. where
【答案与解析】
1. A where引导表语从句,句意为：那正是好工作所在之处。
2. D where引导idea一词后的同位语从句,根据句意要问的应该是会议在什么地方举行。
●巩
●固
●练
●习
1. We’re just trying to reach a point_________both sides will sit down together and talk．
A. where_________B. that_________C. whenD. which
2. —Mom, what did your doctor say？
—He advised me to live_________the air is fresher．
A. in whereB. in which
C. the place whereD. where
3. The village has developed a lot_________we learned farming two years ago．
A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where
4. —Where did you get to know her？
—It was on the farm_________we worked．
A. that B. thereC. whichD. where
5. They will fly to Washington,_________they plan to stay for two or three days．
A. whereB. thereC. which D. when
6. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_________beginners of English fail to use the language properly．
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
Show cheerfulness even when you don’t feel it.
7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_________sight matters more than hearing．
A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where
8. Some preschool children go to a day care center, they learn simple games and songs．
A. thenB. thereC. while D. where
9. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers_________consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law．
A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which
10. All the neighbors admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend．
A. why B. whereC. whichD. that
11. If you are traveling_________the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do．
A. in whichB. whatC. when D. where
12. You’d better not leave the medicine_________kids can get at it．
A. even if_________B. which
C. where D. so that
13. We haven’t discussed yet_________we are going to place our new furniture．
A. that B. which C. what D. where
14. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays．
—That’s_________I don’t agree. You should have a more active life．
A. where_________B. how C. when D. what
15. Stephen Hawking believe that the carts is unlikely to be the only planet_________life has developed gradually.(２０10福建卷)
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
16. —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut？
—You should try the barber’s_________ I go. It’s only 15.(２０10天津卷)
A. as B. which C. where D. that
17. —Have you finished the book？
—No. I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.(２０10全国卷Ⅱ)
A. whichB. what C. that D. where
18. Today, we will begin_________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.(２０10重庆卷)
A. whenB. where C. how D. what
19. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour.(２０10江西卷)
A. whereB. who C. which D. what
20. China’s new food law provides for a food recall system_________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards．
A. whereB. that C. when D. which
【参考答案】
1—5 ADDDA 6—10 DDDAB
11—15 DCDAB 16—20 CDBAA
Keep your promises.
一、 where引导定语从句
关系副词where引导定语从句来修饰表示地点的先行词,where一词在定语从句中起引导作用，同时在从句中充当地点状语。例如：
(1) This is the place where (at which) Jack parks his car.
这是杰克停车的地方。
(2) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
在巴黎住了50年后,他回到了他曾在那儿长大的那个小镇。
(3) That car factory is the one where my mother ever worked.
这个汽车工厂就是我母亲曾经工作过的那个厂。
注意:where引导定语从句的一个热点和难点是：where引导定语从句修饰表示非地点名词的先行词。该类试题因为先行词为非地点名词,往往容易忽略使用where来引导,其实,此类试题中的where等同于“介词+which”,如：
(1) Bungee jumping is a sport where a person makes a vertical jump from a high platform with a rubber cord tied to their ankles so that they bounce. (where=in which)
蹦极是一种体育运动,在这种运动中一个人从一个高台上进行垂直跳跃时把橡皮绳绑在脚踝上因此能弹跳起来。
(2) I think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. (where=in which)
我思考了许多例子,在这些例子中学生显然懂得了很多英语单词和表达却写不出好文章。
(3) He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. (where=in which)
他使自己陷入了一个危险的境地,在这种情形下他很有可能失去对飞机的控制。
(4) Livemocha.com is a free site where visitors can not just learn languages but also chat online．
Livemocha.com是一个免费的网站,在这个网站上游客们不仅仅可以学习语言也可以在线聊天。(where=on which)
【典题链接与巩固】
1. —What do you think of teaching, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job you are doing something serious but interesting.(２０09北京卷)
A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that
2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation_________they can see themselves differently.(２０09福建卷)
A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where
3. I have reached a point in my life_________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.(２０09浙江卷)
A. whichB. whereC. howD. why
4. After graduation she reached a point in her career_________she needed to decide what to do．
A. that B. what_________C. whichD. where
5. Mozart’s birthplace and the house_________he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.(２009上海卷)
A. whereB. whenC. there D. which
【答案与解析】
1. A where引导先行词为非地点名词的定语从句,where相当于in which，表示“在这份工作中你会做一些很严肃却很有趣的事情”。
2. D 解题思路同上。
3. B 解题思路同上。
4. D 解题思路同上。
5. A 先行词为地点名词,where在定语从句中充当地点状语。
即使没有快乐的感觉，也要努力表现出来。
二、 where引导地点状语从句
使用从句来表示的地点状语称之为地点状语从句,地点状语的引导词主要为where或wherever,地点状语从句表示的是一个地点或方位。地点状语从句在理解时可以看做为一个介词短语，这样可以简化理解上的难度,如：
(1) After the war, a new school building was set up where there had once been a theater. (此处where引导的地点状语从句相当于in some place,即一个新的学校在某个地方被建立起来了。)
战后,一所新的学校在电影院的原址上被建了起来。
(2) Where there is a will, there is a way．
有志者事竟成。
【典题链接与巩固】
1._________unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.(２０09江苏卷)
A. BeforeB. WhereC. Unless D. Until
2. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help_________there is human suffering．
A. whoeverB. however
C. whateverD. wherever
3. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.(２０09山东卷)
A. whereB. what C. how D. who
【答案与解析】
1. B where引导地点状语从句,where unemployment and crime are high相当于一个介词短语表示的地点,意为：失业率和犯罪率高的地方。
2. D wherever表示无论何地。题意为：在和平年代，红十字会将帮助送到有人遭受痛苦的地方。
3. A remain一词后的地点状语where she was表示“她刚才的地方”,表示就待在她刚才的地方等她的母亲。
三、 where引导名词性从句
where引导名词性从句，在从句中起引导作用，同时在从句中充当地点状语这一成分,如：
(1) Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.(where引导主语从句并且在主语从句中充当地点状语)
我们将在什么地方进行测试还在讨论之中。
(2) The problem is where we should set up our new hospital.(表语从句)
问题是我们应该在什么地方建立我们的新医院。
(3) You will never know where I had the suit made.(宾语从句)
你永远都不知道我是在什么地方做的衣服。
(4) They have no idea at all where he has gone.(同位语从句)
他们根本不知道他去了哪里。
【典题链接与巩固】
1. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob？ That’s the best jobs are.(２０07浙江卷)
A. whereB. what C. when D. why
2. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea_________the party is to be held？(２０08陕西卷)
A. whatB. whichC. that D. where
【答案与解析】
1. A where引导表语从句,句意为：那正是好工作所在之处。
2. D where引导idea一词后的同位语从句,根据句意要问的应该是会议在什么地方举行。
●巩
●固
●练
●习
1. We’re just trying to reach a point_________both sides will sit down together and talk．
A. where_________B. that_________C. whenD. which
2. —Mom, what did your doctor say？
—He advised me to live_________the air is fresher．
A. in whereB. in which
C. the place whereD. where
3. The village has developed a lot_________we learned farming two years ago．
A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where
4. —Where did you get to know her？
—It was on the farm_________we worked．
A. that B. thereC. whichD. where
5. They will fly to Washington,_________they plan to stay for two or three days．
A. whereB. thereC. which D. when
6. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_________beginners of English fail to use the language properly．
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
Show cheerfulness even when you don’t feel it.
7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_________sight matters more than hearing．
A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where
8. Some preschool children go to a day care center, they learn simple games and songs．
A. thenB. thereC. while D. where
9. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers_________consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law．
A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which
10. All the neighbors admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend．
A. why B. whereC. whichD. that
11. If you are traveling_________the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do．
A. in whichB. whatC. when D. where
12. You’d better not leave the medicine_________kids can get at it．
A. even if_________B. which
C. where D. so that
13. We haven’t discussed yet_________we are going to place our new furniture．
A. that B. which C. what D. where
14. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays．
—That’s_________I don’t agree. You should have a more active life．
A. where_________B. how C. when D. what
15. Stephen Hawking believe that the carts is unlikely to be the only planet_________life has developed gradually.(２０10福建卷)
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
16. —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut？
—You should try the barber’s_________ I go. It’s only 15.(２０10天津卷)
A. as B. which C. where D. that
17. —Have you finished the book？
—No. I’ve read up to_________the children discover the secret cave.(２０10全国卷Ⅱ)
A. whichB. what C. that D. where
18. Today, we will begin_________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.(２０10重庆卷)
A. whenB. where C. how D. what
19. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour.(２０10江西卷)
A. whereB. who C. which D. what
20. China’s new food law provides for a food recall system_________producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards．
A. whereB. that C. when D. which
【参考答案】
1—5 ADDDA 6—10 DDDAB
11—15 DCDAB 16—20 CDBAA