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目的发现并确定社区居民主要健康问题及其危险因素,分析并提出需要优先干预的卫生问题。方法采取多阶段整群随机抽样方法,使用自行设计的规范化社区基线调查问卷,预约入户访谈并进行简单体检。结果共访谈1128人,15岁以上居民中患病率最高的前5位疾病为高血压(25.90%)、糖尿病(7.83%)、高脂血症(5.92%)、胃肠道疾病(5.22%)和关节疾病(3.82%),约占前10位疾病的91.17%,为该社区居民的主要健康问题。高龄、超重和缺乏运动为主要危险因素,而适量饮酒和增加水果摄入则可明显降低其发病风险。结论慢性病防控是本社区需要优先解决的卫生问题,在全社区大力开展健康教育,是提高社区卫生服务水平的主要方向。
Objectives To identify and identify the major health problems of community residents and their risk factors, and to analyze and propose health issues that require priority intervention. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted, and a self-designed standardized community baseline questionnaire was used to make an appointment interview and conduct a simple physical examination. Results A total of 1128 interviewees were interviewed. Among the residents above 15 years of age, the top five diseases were hypertension (25.90%), diabetes (7.83%), hyperlipidemia (5.92%), gastrointestinal diseases (5.22% ) And joint diseases (3.82%), accounting for 91.17% of the top 10 diseases, which are the main health problems of residents in this community. Elderly, overweight and lack of exercise as the main risk factors, and moderate drinking and increased fruit intake can significantly reduce the risk of their onset. Conclusion Chronic disease prevention and control is the priority for the community to solve the health problems, and vigorously carry out health education in all communities is to improve the level of community health services, the main direction.