The CXCL12 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 chemokine axis:Oncogenic properties, molecular targeting, and synthetic and

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Chemokine 12 (CXCL12),also known as stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and a member of the CXC chemokine subfamily,is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types.It interacts specifically with the ligand for the transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7.The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis takes part in a series of physiological,biochemical,and pathological process,such as inflammation and leukocyte trafficking,cancer-induced bone pain,and postsurgical pain,and also is a key factor in the cross-talking between tumor cells and their microenvironment.Aberrant overexpression of CXCR4 is critical for tumor survival,proliferation,angiogenesis,homing and metastasis.In this review,we summarized the role of CXCL 12/CXCR4 in cancer,CXCR4 inhibitors under clinical study,and natural product CXCR4 antagonists.In conclusion,the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling is important for tumor development and targeting the pathway might represent an effective approach to developing novel therapy in cancer treatment.
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