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目的分析对比宁化县2002年与2014年居民主要死因、死因顺位、期望寿命等指标的变化,了解疾病谱的变化趋势。方法采集人口死因资料后用标化死亡率等进行比较分析。结果 2002年与2014年居民死亡率分别为4.62‰、5.50‰,男女死亡率之比为1.2∶1、1.4∶1。2002年死因前5位依次是呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病和心脏病;2014年前5位死因相同,恶性肿瘤从第3位升至首位(女性第2位),脑血管疾病由第4位升至第3位。居民期望寿命分别为72.3岁、82.1岁;2002年减寿率前3位是损伤和中毒、恶性肿瘤、起源于围生期的某些情况(围生期疾病),2014年女性恶性肿瘤从第2位升至第1位。结论宁化县居民死亡率男性较高,恶性肿瘤死亡率和减寿率呈增长趋势。
Objective To analyze and compare the changes of residents’ major causes of death, the cause of death and life expectancy among residents in Ninghua County in 2002 and 2014, so as to understand the changing trend of disease spectrum. Methods After the data of the cause of death of the population were collected and compared with the standardized mortality rate, Results The death rates in 2002 and 2014 were 4.62 ‰ and 5.50 ‰, respectively, and the ratio of male and female deaths was 1.2: 1 and 1.4: 1. The top 5 causes of death in 2002 were respiratory diseases, injuries and poisonings, malignant tumors, Cerebrovascular disease and heart disease. In 2014, the top five causes of death were the same, the number of malignant tumors rose from the third place to the first place (female number two), and the number of cerebrovascular diseases rose from the fourth place to the third place. Residents expect life expectancy of 72.3 years and 82.1 years respectively; the top 3 in 2010 longevity rate of injury and poisoning, malignant tumors, originated in some cases of perinatal (perinatal disease), 2014 female malignant tumor from 2 rose to the first one. Conclusion The mortality rate of residents in Ninghua County is higher than that of male residents, and the mortality rate of malignant tumor and the rate of longevity are increasing.