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1949年10月,新中国成立后,党和政府经过打击投机资本的斗争,实行统购统销政策,对个体农业、手工业和资本主义工商业进行社会主义改造并取得胜利,在我国以公有制占统治地位的社会主义社会和以统一的社会主义计划经济的经营管理机制被确立下来。但是,如何在中国建设社会主义,这是党所面临的全新课题。由于所有制改造没有经验,遗留两个基本问题,还需要在理论上和实践上加以解决。一是,社会主义制度确立后,是不是只能实行单一的公有制经济形式?还可以不可以保留和发展一部分有益于国计民生的个体经济和私营经济?二是,全部社会经济生活是否都在计划体制下生产和消费?还需要不需要发挥市场调节作用?如果说还
In October 1949, after the founding of New China, the party and the government, through the fight against speculative capital, implemented the policy of monopoly for purchase and marketing, carried out socialist transformation and victory over individual agriculture, handicraft industry and capitalist industry and commerce, and took the dominant position of public ownership in our country The socialist society and the operation and management mechanism of a planned economy under a unified socialism were established. However, how to build socialism in China is a new issue that the party faces. Due to the inexperience of ownership reform, two basic problems remain, which need to be solved theoretically and practically. First, after the establishment of the socialist system, can we not only adopt a single form of public ownership of the economy but also retain and develop part of the individual and private sectors that benefit the national economy and the people's livelihood? Second, are all social and economic life in the planning system Under production and consumption? Also need to play the role of market regulation? If so