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近日,WTO就美、欧、墨诉中国9种原材料出口违规案发布初裁报告,裁定中国违规。在此之前,中国明确对稀土资源实施更为严格的保护性开采政策和生态环境保护标准,其中严格的出口配额制度也受到了一些国家的指责,认为中国限制稀土资源出口的措施与WTO规则不符。由此,一场关于资源出口限制合法与否的争论被推向高潮。笔者认为,中国应当充分利用WTO资源保障规则,在不违反WTO规则的前提下制定资源保障政策。
Recently, the WTO issued preliminary rulings on the illegal export of nine raw materials from the United States, Europe and Mexico v. China and ruled that China violated the rules. Prior to this, China has explicitly implemented more stringent protective mining policies and environmental protection standards for rare earth resources. The strict export quota system has also been criticized by some countries. China considers that the measures to limit the export of rare earth resources do not comply with WTO rules . As a result, a controversy over the legality of export restrictions on resources has been pushed to the climax. The author believes that China should make full use of the rules of WTO’s resource guarantee and formulate a resource safeguard policy without violating the WTO rules.