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目的:通过研究6周递增负荷运动过程中大鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的情况及凋亡执行因子caspaes-3的表达情况,探讨长期递增负荷运动对胸腺的影响。方法:96只SD大鼠随机分为运动组和对照组,运动组进行6周递增负荷跑台训练,6次/周,30 min/d,分别于第0、2、4和6周末利用TUNEL法和免疫组化技术测定运动前安静状态和运动后即刻组大鼠胸腺细胞的凋亡情况和caspaes-3的表达水平。结果:6周递增负荷运动过程中,胸腺指数呈进行性减小,与WK0A组相比,WK2A组显著减小(P<0.05),WK4和WK6A组也显著减小(P<0.01),与WK2A组相比,WK4和WK6A组显著减小(P<0.01)。胸腺细胞凋亡指数(apoptosis index,AI)适应性变化是呈进行性增加。与WK0A组相比,WK2、WK4和WK6A组显著增加(P<0.01),与WK2A组相比,WK4和WK6A组显著增加(P<0.01),与WK4A组相比,WK6A组显著增加(P<0.01)。AI应答性变化为,WK2J组与WK2A组相比,AI显著增加(P<0.05),WK6J组与WK6A组相比,AI显著增加(P<0.05)。胸腺组织Caspase-3蛋白表达的适应性变化也是呈进行性增加。与WK0A组相比,WK4和WK6A组显著增加(P<0.01),Caspase-3的应答性变化为,WK4J组与WK4A组相比,AI显著增加(P<0.05),WK6J组与WK6A组相比,AI显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:随着递增负荷的进程,胸腺指数明显减小,胸腺细胞凋亡越来越多;同时Caspase-3表达也越来越多,表明长期递增负荷运动过程中,胸腺功能下降可能是胸腺细胞凋亡增加引起的,而胸腺细胞凋亡增加可能是由Caspase-3等凋亡因子介导的。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of long-term incremental exercise on thymus by studying the apoptosis of rat thymocytes and the expression of caspase-3 during 6-week incremental exercise. Methods: Ninety-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into exercise group and control group. Exercise group was subjected to 6-week incremental load treadmill training, 6 times / week, 30 min / d. TUNEL Method and immunohistochemistry to determine the pre-exercise quiet state and the thymocyte apoptosis and the expression of caspase-3 in rats immediately after exercise. Results: Compared with WK0A group, WK2A group decreased significantly (P <0.05), WK4 and WK6A group also decreased significantly (P <0.01), compared with WK0A group Compared with WK2A group, the WK4 and WK6A groups decreased significantly (P <0.01). The change of thymocyte apoptosis index (AI) is a progressive increase. Compared with WK0A group, WK2, WK4 and WK6A groups increased significantly (P <0.01), WK4 and WK6A groups significantly increased compared with WK2A group (P <0.01), WK6A group increased significantly compared with WK4A group <0.01). AI response changes, AI in WK2J group was significantly higher than that in WK2A group (P <0.05), AI in WK6J group was significantly higher than that in WK6A group (P <0.05). The adaptive changes of Caspase-3 protein expression in thymus tissue also increased progressively. Compared with WK0A group, WK4 and WK6A groups significantly increased (P <0.01), Caspase-3 responsiveness changed, WK4J group compared with WK4A group, AI increased significantly (P <0.05), WK6J group and WK6A group AI, AI increased significantly (P <0.05). Conclusions: With the process of increasing load, the thymus index obviously decreases, the apoptosis of thymus cells is more and more. At the same time, the expression of Caspase-3 is more and more, indicating that the decrease of thymus may be thymus Apoptosis caused by increased, and thymus apoptosis may be mediated by Caspase-3 and other apoptotic factors.