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本文通过对蔡元培先生等人倡建的国立中央博物院到南京博物院的八十年发展历史梳理,分别从博物院的创建缘起与筹建过程、建国后的发展、改扩建方案解读以及实施细节等进行了详细解读,博物院设计贯穿了从梁思成、杨廷宝、童侍、刘敦桢、徐敬直等第一代建筑师到潘谷西、程泰宁等第三代建筑师的传承与发展,并且在改扩建项目中由于境外建筑师的参与,也具有了东西方设计交流与碰撞的机遇。南京博物院见证了中国博物馆的发展历程,从建筑设计和建造过程来看也可谓是一部浓缩的中国近现代博物馆发展简史,相信对后来的博物馆发展和建筑创作有着持续而深远的影响。
This article elaborates the eighty-year development history of the National Museum of the Central Government and the Nanjing Museum initiated by Mr. Cai Yuanpei and others, from the founding of the museum and the preparation process, the development after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the interpretation and implementation details of the renovation and expansion project, etc. Interpretation, the design of the museum runs from the first generation architects such as Liang Si-cheng, Yang Ting-bao, Tong Ting, Liu Dunzhen and Xu Jing-chien to the inheritance and development of the third-generation architects such as Pan Guxi and Cheng Taining. In the reconstruction and extension project, Participation, but also has the opportunity of exchange and collision between East and West design. The Museum of Nanjing witnessed the development of the Chinese museum. From the perspective of architectural design and construction, Nanjing Museum can be regarded as a condensed history of the development of modern Chinese museums. It is believed that this museum will have a lasting and far-reaching impact on the development of museums and architecture.