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欧洲煤田常用的预计方法可分为三类,即直接公式、剖面函数法及叠加法。其基础都是经验关系和理论探讨。反映地层条件的计算参量必须由地表移动实测中取得。水平移动和变形可由下沉曲线的导数确定。直接公式只能用于个别的地面点,剖面函数法用于简单开采几何条件下计算整个盆地剖面,而叠加法则用于任何开采几何条件下计算任意地面点。当与实测的移动不很符合时,叠加法还可采用一个更加普遍形式的影响函数。
The commonly used predictive methods in European coalfields can be divided into three categories: direct formula, profile function method and superposition method. Its foundation is the empirical relationship and theoretical discussion. The parameters reflecting the formation conditions must be obtained from the surface movement measurement. Horizontal movement and deformation can be determined by the derivative of the sinking curve. The direct formula can only be used for individual ground points. The section function method is used to calculate the entire basin profile under simple mining geometry conditions, while the overlay rule is used to calculate any ground point under any mining geometry. The superposition method can also adopt a more general form of the influence function when it does not quite agree with the measured movement.