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Diabetes are a group of metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia that is a major public health problem.Middle-aged and elderly people are at the highest risk of type 2 diabetes,but younger cases are now being diagnosed with greater frequency.Numerous clinical studies have reported that the behavior of the intestinal microbiota may affect the development of metabolic disorders in humans,including obesity and diabetes.This review describes the relationship between the gut microbiota and diabetes,and discusses the possible mechanisms underlying their involvement in the development of type 1 diabetes,obesity,and type 2 diabetes.By better understanding the intestinal microbiota,it may become possible to treat diabetes and obesity by manipulating the gut microbes through probiotics and dietary changes,fecal microbiota transplantation,or surgical approaches.