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采用厄瓜多尔147个气象站多年实测降水、温度、风速、湿度、日照等气象数据,分析研究了西部太平洋水系区、中部安第斯山区和东部亚马逊平原区降水、潜在蒸散发、土壤水分储存变化、实际蒸发量及土壤水的盈余或赤字量等水文平衡过程。研究方法基于Thornthwaite水平衡模型,需要输入降水量、潜在蒸散发量和土壤最大含水量等重要参数。潜在蒸散发量研究采用FAO-56 Penman-Monteith法和改进的Thornthwaite法。研究成果清晰展示了降水、蒸发、水量盈余或赤字的时空分布,对于研究该地区土壤水分的变化,优化农作物种植结构及播种、灌溉时机,水资源优化配置和水利工程规划可提供重要参考。
The precipitation, temperature, wind speed, humidity and sunshine of 147 meteorological stations in Ecuador were used to analyze the precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and soil water storage changes in the Western Pacific, Central Andean and eastern Amazon, and the actual evaporation Volume and soil water surplus or deficit and other hydrological balance process. Research Methods Based on the Thornthwaite water balance model, important parameters such as precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and soil maximum moisture content are input. Potential evapotranspiration studies using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method and the modified Thornthwaite method. The research results clearly show the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, evaporation, water surplus or deficit, which can provide important reference for studying the changes of soil moisture in the area, optimizing crop planting structure, sowing, irrigation timing, optimal allocation of water resources and water conservancy project planning.