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铸造焦是冲天炉的主要燃料和碳化剂。鉴于焦炭价格较高和二氧化碳减排的压力,德国铸造业必须寻找一种焦煤的替代资源。开始于2010年1月的一个研究项目确定了以生物质残留物为基础开发合适的铸造焦替代物的框架。开发出来的生物质焦炭应该像煤粉末压块一样,在冲天炉熔炼过程中没有质量损失和引起冶炼问题。在碳化炉中,一共对15个不同的生物质(如秸秆、木质残留物、坚果壳等)进行了碳化试验,并对它们的燃料特性(如灰分、成分、热值、微量元素含量)进行了分析。考虑收购成本、收购的难易程度并结合分析结果,选择了可以试验的原料,在连续回转窑反应器中进行高温分解试验。目前正在进行适应性和捣固试验并对不同结合剂进行测试,以便满足在冲天炉中的使用要求。为了证明生物质焦炭的实际性能,最终在工业化工厂进行了试验,将铸造焦的替代率提高到了50%,加入量约为20 t。基于与工厂合作项目的研究结果,将编制有关原材料选择、铸造焦替代物的碳化和成型(成块)的操作规程。
Foundry coke is the main fuel cupola and cupolating agent. In view of the high coke prices and the pressure of carbon dioxide emissions reduction, the German foundry industry must find alternative sources of coking coal. A research project that started in January 2010 identified the framework for developing suitable coke substitutes based on biomass residues. The developed biomass coke should behave like a coal powder compact without mass loss and smelting problems in the cupola melting process. In a carbonization furnace, a total of 15 different biomass (straw, wood residues, nutshells, etc.) were carbonated and tested for their fuel properties (eg ash, composition, calorific value, trace element content) Analysis. Considering the cost of the acquisition, the difficulty of the acquisition and the results of the analysis, we selected the raw materials that can be tested and carried out the pyrolysis test in the continuous rotary kiln reactor. Adaptability and tamping tests are currently underway and different binders are being tested in order to meet the requirements for use in cupolas. In order to prove the actual performance of biomass coke, it was finally tested in an industrial chemical plant to increase the substitution rate of foundry coke to about 50% by adding about 20t. Based on the findings of the project with the factory, the operating procedures for carbonation and forming (agglomeration) of raw material alternatives, foundry coke substitutes will be prepared.