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栽培香菇和黑木耳所用的段木树种基本相同。近年来由于集约栽培而又缺乏防治措施,害菌种类增多,蔓延加快,为害甚大。据初步调查,我国每年由害菌所造成的损失一般在10%以上,严重的地方高达90%。目前在国内外都痛感害菌问题是发展这一事业的严重障碍,急需从事这方面的研究。作者从1980—1982年先后在湖北省主要产区调查了害菌的种类,对其中常见的15种害菌的形态特征、生活习性进行了观察。并对为害严重的小孢博韦炭团菌、褐轮韧革菌的生物学特性及其生活史进行了较深入探讨,现报道如下,以供同业改进栽培管理技术,予防害菌发生和传播以及进行化学药剂防治参考。
The cultivation of mushrooms and black fungus used by the segment of wood species are basically the same. In recent years due to intensive cultivation and the lack of prevention and control measures, harmful bacteria species increased, spread faster, a detriment. According to the preliminary investigation, the annual losses caused by harmful bacteria in our country are generally above 10% and in serious places up to 90%. At present, the problem of suffering from harmful bacteria at home and abroad is a serious obstacle to the development of this undertaking. It is urgently necessary to engage in this aspect of research. The author investigated the types of harmful bacteria in the main producing areas of Hubei Province from 1980 to 1982, and observed the morphological characteristics and living habits of 15 common harmful bacteria among them. The biological characteristics and life history of Carbillosphaeroi, Tyrannosula occotina were studied in detail. The results are reported as follows, for the improvement of cultivation and management techniques for the industry, to prevent the occurrence and spread of antimicrobial bacteria As well as for chemical control reference.