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虽然对切除了输精管的人的研究例数不多,看来这种手术似乎没有什么显著的长期影响。内分泌功能实质上继续不变。除少数例外外,按照输精小管正常形态的恢复来看,人的精子发生保持不变。可是,精子的质可能有变化。输精管切除术的免疫学后果还没有充分地加以研究。虽然“精子抗原可能发生变叉反应性抗体”这一假说引起了人们的注意,却还没有证明出在人有继发于输精管切除术的自家免疫性疾病。猕猴属在输精管结扎之后的粥样硬化发生率的增加,在人还未曾确立。目前,输精管切除仍然是永久避孕的简单而安全的方法。在过去的10年期间中,输精管切除已经成为最广泛使用的自愿绝育的方法。这个手术之所以能作为避孕手段而普遍流行是因为它的简便,易行,有效,和发病率低。输精管切除这个术语包括输精管连续性的任何中断或阻断。它包括部分切开,和通过结扎、凝固和机械性阻塞而达到的输精管闭合。本文回顾输精臂闭合的生理后果,着重阐述对内分泌反应的效果。在闭合部位以及在输精管近侧部、副睾、和睾丸内部的局部变化,精子生成和精子再吸收,和免疫学反应。
Although there are only a few studies on people who have had their vasectomies removed, it seems that such surgery does not seem to have any significant long-term impact. Endocrine function essentially remains unchanged. With few exceptions, human spermatogenesis remains intact in terms of recovery of the normal morphology of the seminiferous tubules. However, the quality of sperm may vary. The immunological consequences of vasectomy have not been adequately studied. Although the hypothesis that “sperm antigens may undergo cross-reactive antibodies” has drawn the attention of people, it has not yet been demonstrated that there is an autoimmune disease secondary to vasectomy. The incidence of atherosclerosis in cynomolgus after vasectomy has not been established in humans. At present, vasectomy remains a simple and safe method of permanent contraception. During the past 10 years, vasectomy has become the most widely used method of voluntary sterilization. The reason why this surgery is popular as a contraceptive is because of its simplicity, ease, effectiveness, and low morbidity. The term vasectomy includes any interruption or interruption of vasectomy continuity. It includes partial incision, and closure of the vas deferens by ligation, coagulation and mechanical obstruction. This article reviews the physiological consequences of the vas deferens closure and focuses on the effects on the endocrine response. Local changes in the closed area as well as in the proximal part of the vas deferens, the epididymis, and the testes, spermatogenesis and sperm reabsorption, and immunological responses.