论文部分内容阅读
为了研究幼龄苹果(Malus pumila)×大豆(Glycine max)间作系统中土壤水分、养分的空间分布特征及其对大豆生长和产量的影响,选取晋西黄土地区具有典型代表性的幼龄苹果×大豆间作模式作为研究对象,对苹果×大豆间作系统及大豆单作系统(对照)的土壤水分、养分含量进行了定位监测。结果表明:(1)在垂直方向上,土壤水分含量随着土壤深度的增加而逐渐增加,土壤养分含量随着土壤深度的增加而逐渐减小;(2)在水平方向上,随着与树行距离的增加,土壤水分含量呈现递增的分布特征,土壤养分含量呈现高低高的分布特征;(3)与大豆单作系统相比,间作系统的土壤水分、养分含量出现不同程度的降低,整体上均表现为负效应;(4)苹果×大豆间作系统中苹果树与大豆间的土壤水分、养分竞争对大豆植株生长发育造成了较大影响,土壤水分含量、速效磷含量和全氮含量是影响大豆产量的主要因素,影响的主要区域在苹果树行两侧1.5m的范围内;(5)建议采取适当的调控和管理措施缓解种间水肥竞争提高大豆的产量,以获取更多的经济收益。
In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture and nutrients and the effects on the growth and yield of soybean in the intercropping system of Malus pumila × Glycine max, young representative typical young apple × Soybean intercropping model was used to study the soil moisture and nutrient contents of apple × soybean intercropping system and soybean single cropping system (control). The results showed that: (1) In the vertical direction, the soil water content increased with the increase of soil depth, and the soil nutrient content decreased with the increase of soil depth; (2) In the horizontal direction, (3) Compared with soybean single-cropping system, the soil moisture and nutrient content of intercropping system decreased to a certain extent, and the whole body (4) The soil moisture and nutrient competition between apple tree and soybean in apple × soybean intercropping system had a great impact on the growth and development of soybean plants. The soil water content, available phosphorus content and total nitrogen content were (5) It is suggested that appropriate regulation and management measures should be taken to ease the competition between water and fertilizers and increase the yield of soybean in order to obtain more economy income.