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目的总结湖南株洲地区近10年来严重颅脑损伤病人资料,分析其流行病学特征。方法收集1996年1月～2005年12月株洲地区严重颅脑损伤资料完整的病例2846例。分析其性别、年龄、受伤机制、诊断方法、就诊和死亡时间、脑疝形成及其时间、治疗方式、治疗结果,并提出影响预后指标。结果交通事故伤为主要类型;严重颅脑损伤的高危年龄16～48岁;男性明显多于女性;81.3%病人通过头颅CT确诊;伤后2h是病人就诊的高峰期,也是死亡的高峰期;死亡率12.89%。结论对高危人群采取预防和监护措施,提高黄金时间内的急救效应,实施规范化救治,重视影响预后的因素,降低死亡率。
Objective To summarize the data of patients with severe craniocerebral injury in Zhuzhou, Hunan Province in recent 10 years and analyze their epidemiological characteristics. Methods A total of 2846 cases of severe craniocerebral injury in Zhuzhou from January 1996 to December 2005 were collected. Analyze its gender, age, mechanism of injury, diagnosis, time of treatment and death, formation and time of hernia, treatment methods and treatment outcome, and propose prognostic indicators. Results The main types of traffic accidents were injuries. The high risk of severe craniocerebral injury was between 16 and 48 years old. The number of male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. 81.3% of patients were diagnosed by head CT. The 2 h after injury was the peak of patient’s visit and the peak of death. The death rate was 12.89%. Conclusion The preventive and guardianship measures should be taken for the high-risk population to improve the first aid effect during the prime time, to standardize the treatment, to pay attention to the factors that affect the prognosis, and to reduce the mortality rate.