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在干旱、半干旱地区农业系统内,水资源的影子价格往往最大,增加水资源供给时,最大经济收益增加。在增加水资源的过程中,影子价格出现不连续下降。这种不连续以及在不连续处最大经济收益达到阶段最大的特点是决策开发水资源的农业经济依据。在农业系统内,不同水资源条件下,1毫米降水量的影子价格不一定是常数。1毫米降水量在某地能生产多少粮食的固定提法应商榷。
In the arid and semi-arid agricultural systems, the shadow price of water resources tends to be the largest. When the water supply is increased, the maximum economic benefits increase. In the process of increasing water resources, the price of shadow appears discontinuously decreasing. This discontinuity and the biggest feature of the period of maximum economic gain at the discontinuity are the economic bases for decision-making on water resources. Within the agricultural system, the shadow price of 1 mm of precipitation is not necessarily constant under different water conditions. A fixed reference to how much food a millimeter can produce in a given place is open to question.