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革命前对于中国的认识:俄国社会从地缘政治的角度把中国作为停滞的东方,与进步的欧洲相对立。19世纪末20世纪初,中国对俄国还未构成严重的军事威胁,但中国向俄远东大规模移民的前景已经是很现实的问题,为此,俄国政府制定了专门政策以鼓励俄国人到东部地区定居。在对中国应采取什么政策问题上,俄国政府采取的是向中国领土积极渗透的方针。
Pre-revolutionary understanding of China: From a geopolitical perspective, the Russian society opposed China as a stalled East and against a progressive Europe. China had not posed a serious military threat to Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but the prospect of China’s massive migration to the Russian Far East has become a very real problem. Therefore, the Russian government has formulated a special policy to encourage the Russians to visit the eastern region settle down. On the question of what policy China should adopt, the Russian government has taken the principle of actively penetrating into China’s territory.