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在精心操作、无意外影响因素情况下,大型工业汽轮机、离心式压缩机的连续运行时间一般都应超过1年,在管理及操作维护水平很高的情况下,可以平稳运行2～5年,而不必解体检修。但是当存在一些不理想的因素时,汽轮机或离心式压缩机就可能在新的运行周期开始的数月后出现异常,常常表现为机组的径向振动幅值逐渐增大,可达运行初期的200％左右,有时会出现无规律或有一定规律的间歇振动,其峰值通常超过报警值,有时达到跳车值,甚至更高。引起透平压缩机组振动增大的原因很多,而据10几年来对20余台透平压缩机组的观察、监测与分析,认为主要原因有两种,一种属于转子不平衡类型,一种属于瓦间隙增大的径向轴瓦磨损类型。在此分析过程中,应排除对中精度逐渐改变造成的振动,这可以采用升降速与增减负荷的方法来识别。
With careful operation and no unforeseen factors, the continuous operation time of large-scale industrial steam turbines and centrifugal compressors should generally be over 1 year. Under the condition of high management and operation and maintenance, it can run smoothly for 2 to 5 years, Without dismantling maintenance. However, when there are some undesirable factors, the steam turbine or centrifugal compressor may appear abnormal after a few months of the new operation cycle, and often the radial vibration amplitude of the unit gradually increases, reaching the initial stage of operation 200% or so, sometimes there will be irregular or regular intermittent vibration, the peak usually exceeds the alarm value, and sometimes reach the value of jumping or even higher. There are many reasons for the increase of turbine compressor vibration. According to the observation, monitoring and analysis of more than 20 turbine compressor units over the past 10 years, there are two main reasons for this. One is the unbalanced rotor type and the other is a Radial bearing bush wear type with increased gap. During this analysis, the vibration caused by the gradual change of accuracy should be excluded. This can be identified by the method of ascending and descending speed and increasing or decreasing the load.