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以黑河中游绿洲灌区为研究对象,以土地覆被数据、基础地理信息数据和绿洲灌区统计数据等为数据源,分析了绿洲灌区水资源配置要素对生态用地动态变化的影响.结果表明:黑河中游灌区总体呈现明显的绿洲扩张、荒漠减少趋势,耕地增加以荒漠和草地的开垦为主,但耕地扩张趋势有所减缓;大部分灌区耕地都呈扩展趋势,前期(2000-2007年)以马营河、大满、友联、西浚、洪水河、梨园河、大都麻和童子坝灌区耕地扩展较为明显,后期(2007-2011年)以友联、梨园河、大都麻、鸭暖、老军和马营河灌区耕地扩展较为明显;各灌区水资源配置要素呈现明显的空间分异性,山丹县和民乐县各灌区水资源配置要素水平相对较低,甘州区灌区水资源配置要素水平两极分化较严重,临泽县和高台县水资源配置要素水平相对较高;灌区各生态用地变化的影响因素差异明显.耕地增加与供需比、干渠密度呈明显的正相关关系,而与灯光、坡度等要素呈负相关关系;草地与供需比呈正相关关系;林地变化的影响因素与耕地变化的影响因素大致相同.研究结果对提高绿洲水土资源配置效率具有重要的借鉴意义.
Taking the oasis irrigated area in the middle reaches of Heihe River as the research object and the data of land cover, basic geographic information and oasis irrigated area as the data source, this paper analyzes the impact of the water resources allocation elements on the dynamic change of the ecological land use in the oasis irrigated area. The irrigated area showed obvious oasis expansion and desertification decreasing trend. The increase of arable land was dominated by desertification and grassland reclamation but the trend of arable land expansion had slowed down. In most of the irrigated area, the cultivated land tended to expand. In the early period (2000-2007) In the later period (2007-2011), the cultivated land in the river, Daman, Youlian, Xijian, Hongshuihe, Liyuanhe, Dadumahe and Tongzibar Irrigation areas expanded more obviously. In the later period (2007-2011), the cultivated land of Lianhe, Liyuanhe, And Maying River irrigation area more obvious expansion of cultivated land; Irrigation water allocation elements showed significant spatial differentiation, Shandan County and Minle County Irrigation District, the level of water resources allocation is relatively low, Ganzhou Irrigation District water resources allocation level two poles The differentiation of water resources in Linze County and Gaotai County is relatively high, and the influencing factors of various ecological land use changes in irrigation districts are obviously different. The ratio of demand to supply and demand is positively correlated with the ratio of light and slope, and the factors of forestland change are roughly the same as those of the change of cultivated land. Oasis land and water allocation efficiency has an important reference.