论文部分内容阅读
目的 探讨某地区空气污染物浓度对高血压每日入院人数的影响.方法 采用流行病学生态学研究方法,运用半参数广义相加模型,在控制了长期趋势、气象因素等混杂因素的基础上,探讨空气污染物浓度对高血压日人院人数的影响.结果 高血压日入院风险与PM2.5、O3浓度大致呈现暴露-反应关系,在控制了时间趋势、星期几效应、温度、湿度等因素的影响后,单污染物模型中空气PM2.5浓度(lag 1 d)每增加i0 μg/m3,高血压日入院人数增加0.7％ (95％CI:0.1％～1.3％);每日O3浓度及滞后1～6 d均对高血压日人院人数有影响,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).滞后3dO3效应最强,每增加10 μg/m3,入院人数增加3.5％(95％CI:0.1％～4.1％).但未显示其他污染物与高血压的日入院人数有关.PM2.5和O3双污染物模型中,PM2.5、O3浓度每增加10 μg/m3,高血压日入院人数增加到1.6％ (95％CI:1.0％～2.2％)和8.4％ (95％ CI:3.8％～13.4％).结论 PM2.5、O3浓度对高血压日入院人数有影响,且存在滞后效应,应加强空气污染的治理和敏感人群的防护.“,”Objective To discuss the impact of air pollutants on daily admissions of patients with hypertension.Methods An epidemiological ecological study method and a semiparametric generalized additive model were used to describe the impacts of air pollutants on daily admission of patients with high blood pressure after controlling the long-term trend,meteorological and other confounding factors.Results An obvious exposurereaction association was found between the risk for daily admissions and PM2.5,O3 levels.After controlling confounding factors as long-term trend,day of the week,temperature and humidity,a 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 (lag 1 d) resulted in a 0.7％ increase of daily admission of patients with hypertension (95％ CI:0.1％-1.3％),and a 10μg/m3 increase of O3 (lag 3 d) also caused a 3.5％ increase of daily admission (95％CI:0.1％-4.1％) in the single pollutant model.However,no other air pollutants were found be related to daily admission of patients with high blood pressure.In dual-contaminant models with both PM2.5 and O3,a 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 and O3 could trigger the daily admission up to 1.6％ (95％ CI:1.0％-2.2％) and 8.4 ％ (95 ％ CI:3.8％-13.4 ％).Conclusions PM2.5 and O3 levels can affect the daily admission of patients with hypertension,which has a lag effect.The management of air pollution and sensitive population protection should be strengthened.