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目的评估汶川地震救援军人半年后生存质量的现状并分析其影响因素,为进一步的心理干预提供理论依据。方法采用整群分层抽样方法抽取救援军人1060例,以健康状况量表(SF-36)对调查人群的生存质量进行测量,自制一般人口学量表、Davidson创伤量表、地震经历量表、Beck抑郁量表、Beck焦虑量表对调查人群进行评估,多元逐步回归筛选风险因素。结果①救援军人的SF-36总分(t=-8.352,P<0.01)及生理功能(t=-2.113,P<0.05)、躯体疼痛(t=-7.724,P<0.01)、总体健康(t=-52.298,P<0.01)、精力(t=-6.994,P<0.01)得分低于地方常模,社会功能(t=1.990,P<0.05)、精神健康(t=4.093,P<0.01)得分高于地方常模,生理职能(t=-1.265,P>0.05)、情感职能(t=-0.554,P>0.05)差异无统计学意义;②多元逐步回归显示影响救援军人生存质量的危险因素为焦虑抑郁程度、服役满意度、创伤后症状的严重程度、创伤暴露程度及饮酒。结论救援军人半年后生存质量低,通过进行心理健康教育、心理疏导甚至药物治疗等可能对其有益。
Objective To assess the status quo of the quality of life of the rescue workers in Wenchuan Earthquake six months after the earthquake and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide a theoretical basis for further psychological intervention. Methods A total of 1060 rescue workers were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method. The quality of life of the surveyed population was measured by SF-36 questionnaire, self-made general population scale, Davidson trauma scale, earthquake expedition scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Scale to assess the survey population, multiple stepwise regression screening risk factors. Results ① The SF-36 score (t = -8.352, P <0.01) and physical function (t = -2.113, P0.05), somatic pain (t = -7.724, t = -52.298, P <0.01). The score of energy (t = -6.994, P <0.01) was lower than that of local norm. (T = -1.265, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in emotional function (t = -0.554, P> 0.05) between the norm and the local norm. ②Multiple stepwise regression showed that the impact of the survival of rescue workers The risk factors were anxiety and depression, service satisfaction, the severity of post-traumatic symptoms, trauma exposure and drinking. Conclusion After six months, the rescue workers have low quality of life and may benefit from mental health education, psychological counseling and even drug treatment.