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本文报导不同浓度氯化钙水溶液淬火剂的冷却特性和在生产中实际应用所取得的效果。两年来的实践和生产结果表明,饱和氯化钙溶液作为淬火剂可使钢件获得不低于水淬的硬度,而变形和开裂的情况却和硝盐分级或油淬相似。可以用为中高碳钢薄壁、细长或形状复杂零件的淬火剂以代替硝盐分级或水、油双液淬火。随着溶液浓度的降低.淬火冷却速度、淬透层深度或表面硬度都在增高。在低浓度时,还可能获得比淬水或甚至淬盐水时有更高的硬度。某些钢种淬火时在零件表面残留有拉应力时,改用氯化钙溶液淬火后可获得残余压应力,对于零件的疲劳强度和使用寿命可望得到提高。目前正在继续研究扩大应用,希望获得一系列水油间性能的淬火剂,或寻求具有更剧烈冷却性能的淬火剂。
This paper reports the cooling characteristics of different concentrations of calcium chloride aqueous quenching agent and the practical application of the results achieved in the production. Two years of practice and production results show that saturated calcium chloride solution as a quenching agent can make the steel not less than the hardness of water quenching, and deformation and cracking of the situation and the nitrate salt grading or oil quenching similar. Can be used for medium and high carbon steel thin-walled, elongated or complex shape of the quenching agent instead of nitrate classification or water, oil, dual liquid quenching. As the solution concentration decreases, quench cooling rate, hardened depth or surface hardness are all increasing. At low concentrations, it is also possible to obtain higher hardness than when quenching or even quenching the brine. When quenching some of the steel in the parts surface residual tensile stress, the use of calcium chloride solution can be obtained after quenching residual compressive stress, the fatigue strength and service life of the parts is expected to be improved. Research is continuing on to broaden applications, to obtain a range of quenchants for water-oil properties, or to find quenchants for more intense cooling.