论文部分内容阅读
所谓“个体性”是指人类个体既作为生物机体又作为社会机体的特殊属性。苏联心理学家安南耶夫把具体人类的生物和社会整体叫做“个体性”。1948年,马克思、恩格斯在《德意志意识形态》中,就曾经提出过这样的重要论断:“人表现为双重关系:一方面是自然关系,另一方面是社会关系。”关于人的“自然关系”,早在我国古籍《礼记·礼运》和《孟子·告子上》中,古人就发现这样一种现象:“饮食男女,人之大欲存焉;死亡贫苦,人之大恶存焉。”并归结为“食色,性也。”在人的“个体性”中,生物机体所表现出的某些生理、心理现象,一般具有“趋我性、“趋逸性”、“趋惰性”特点,这种特点对于“个体性”青年生物机体所表现出来的心理现象是适用的。而在人的社会关系中,青年“个体性”则包含着“一切社会关系的总和”。伦理道德、宗教信仰、风格习惯等是一股强大的制约力
The so-called “individual” refers to the human individual as a biological organism as a special feature of the social body. Annan Yevgen, a psychologist in the Soviet Union, calls the whole human and biological community as “individualistic.” In 1948, Marx and Engels once made such an important assertion in the “German Ideology,” that “human beings manifest themselves as dual relations: on the one hand, natural relations and, on the other hand, social relations.” The relationship between man and nature As early as in our ancient books, “Book of Rites, Li Yun” and “Mencius on the subject,” the ancients discovered such a phenomenon: “eating men and women, people’s desire to save Yan; poor death, human evil Yan, ”and summed up as“ food color, sex also. ”In the“ individuality ”of the human body, some biological and psychological phenomena shown by the living organism generally have the tendency of“ This feature is applicable to the psychological phenomena manifested by the ”individualistic“ young biological organism, while in the social relations of the people, the youth ”individuality“ contains the ”sum of all social relations." Ethics, religious beliefs, style and habits are a powerful constraint