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答:市售浓盐酸的浓度是以重量百分比%(g/g)来表示的,而稀盐酸溶液的浓度则是以容量百分比%(g/ml)来表示的。配制稀盐酸时,一般采用容量法。盐酸的比重为1.19(g/ml),如不换算成容量单位,直接量取,那么每 ml 就多取0.19g 盐酸,配出的浓度要高出10%。所以按容量法配制稀盐酸,要根据比重换算成%(g/ml)之后再量取浓盐酸。换算可采用下式:
A: The concentration of commercially available concentrated hydrochloric acid is expressed as a percentage by weight (g / g), while the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid is expressed as a percentage of volume (g / ml). Dilute hydrochloric acid preparation, the general method of using capacity. The specific gravity of hydrochloric acid 1.19 (g / ml), if not converted into capacity units, direct measurement, then take more 0.19g hydrochloric acid per ml, the concentration of the distribution to be higher than 10%. Therefore, according to the volume method of preparation of dilute hydrochloric acid, according to the proportion of converted into% (g / ml) and then measured the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Conversion can use the following formula: