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一、引言在实际过程中,常遇到需要了解两固体接触点接触的应力的问题。例如,对水坝闸门的滚轮与轨道之间的接触应力等。如何在不改变构件的材料性质、结构、受力状态的情况下进行实测,以便为接触问题的工程结构设计提供可靠的依据。这是一个重要而又困难的任务.目前接触应力的测量,常使用在接触点附近贴应变计的方法,进行间接测量。国内一机部上海重机厂曾用锰铜应变计作直接测量,但负载很小。在大负载下,由于接触点已发生塑性变形,应变计的应变和应力关系变成非线性,而且应变丝和引线常被剪断,所以直
I. Introduction In the actual process, often encountered the need to understand the two solid contact point of contact stress problems. For example, the contact pressure between the roller gate of the dam gate and the rail. How to do the measurement without changing the material property, structure and force state of the component so as to provide a reliable basis for the engineering structure design of the contact problem. This is an important and difficult task.At present the measurement of contact stress, often using the method of sticking strain gauge near the contact point, make indirect measurement. A heavy machinery plant in Shanghai, a machine used copper and copper strain gauge for direct measurement, but the load is small. Under heavy load, because the contact point has been plastic deformation, strain gauge strain and stress become nonlinear, and the strain wire and lead are often cut, so straight