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目的:通过研究农村糖尿病患者自感效能与自我管理的相关性,为农村糖尿病患者的自我管理模式的建立提供理论依据。方法:采用整群抽样法纳入536名糖尿病患者,498人完成调查,调查患者的社会人口学资料和疾病资料、糖尿病自我保健量表(DSCS)和糖尿病自感效能量表(DSES)得分,对自我管理与自感效能得分进行相关分析。结果:498例糖尿病患者自我保健量表得分总体水平中最大值121分,最小值为53分,平均得分93.5±15.7分。自我保健量表各单项由高到低顺序依次是:服药管理、饮食管理、血糖监测、足部管理、运动管理、高低血糖管理。498例糖尿病患者自感效能总体水平得分最大值125分,最小值43分,平均得分87.6±13.2分。自感效能量表各单项由高到低顺序依次为:遵嘱服药、足部护理、血糖监测、饮食控制、高低血糖处理、规律锻炼。经Pearson相关分析显示,自感效能与自我管理呈显著正相关(P<0.01),自感效能各单项与相应的自我管理均呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论:自感效能可显著影响农村糖尿病患者的自我管理行为,在农村地区糖尿病患者的自我管理中有重要作用。
OBJECTIVE: To provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a self-management model for rural diabetics by studying the correlation between self-perceived efficacy and self-management in rural diabetics. Methods: A total of 536 patients with diabetes were enrolled in the cluster sampling and 498 were investigated. The socio-demographic and disease data, DSCS and DSES scores of the patients were investigated. Self-management and self-efficacy score correlation analysis. Results: 498 cases of diabetes patients with self-health scale score the overall level of the maximum 121 points, the minimum value of 53 points, the average score of 93.5 ± 15.7 points. Self-care scale each individual descending order are: medication administration, diet management, blood glucose monitoring, foot management, exercise management, high and low blood glucose management. 498 cases of diabetic patients with self-perceived efficacy overall level score of 125 points, a minimum of 43 points, an average score of 87.6 ± 13.2 points. Self-efficacy scale each item from high to low in order: compliance with medication, foot care, blood glucose monitoring, diet control, high and low blood sugar treatment, regular exercise. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and self-management (P <0.01). Individual self-efficacy and self-management showed significant positive correlation (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Self-perceived efficacy can significantly affect the self-management behavior of diabetic patients in rural areas and plays an important role in the self-management of diabetic patients in rural areas.