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目的 建立乳鼠心肌细胞下腔静脉壁移植的模型并进行相关的研究.方法 采用健康、雌性、近交系F344大鼠12只(150±20)g和生后2d乳鼠.将雌性大鼠随机分为A、B两组,每组6只.A组为乳鼠心肌细胞移植组;B组为注射细胞培养液的对照组.建立乳鼠心肌细胞下腔静脉壁移植的模型.评估术后21d移植到静脉壁的心肌细胞的收缩性,然后获取A组心肌细胞移植段的静脉和B组静脉标本进行组织学检测.结果 通过主动脉的搏动来记数受体大鼠的心率为(172±21)次/分.下腔静脉细胞移植处可见明显的节律性搏动为(141±47)次/分,显著低于主动脉的搏动节律(p=0.03).下腔静脉在主动脉夹闭后1～3 min仍然能够自主、节律性搏动,搏动节律为(88±44)次/分,与主动脉夹闭前的搏动节律差异有统计学意义(P=0.000 5).三者之间成正相关.HE染色显示术后3周时6只接受心肌细胞移植的大鼠下腔静脉壁周围可见心肌组织而6只仅注射了培养液的对照组大鼠下腔静脉壁周围却没有.移植的乳鼠心肌细胞在受体内行形成致密的沿血管长轴方向排列的心肌束,这些心肌束呈环形平行于静脉壁.所有样本移植部位的静脉壁均正常.结论 乳鼠心肌细胞移植到下腔静脉壁后能够生长、成熟并具有自主搏动性.“,”Objective To establish a model of transplanting neonatal cardiomycytes into the wall of rat inferior vena cava.Methods Neonatal cardiomyocytes (n=6,5×106cells each,A group) or medium (n=6,B group) only were transplanted into the wall of inferior vena cava in female Fisher rats.At 21 days after transplantation,the contraction of transplanted cardiomyocytes was assessed and the inferior vena cava was processed for histology.Results Distinct rhythmic beating of the vena cava at the site of cell transplantation before and after the aorties were clamped (at a rate 141± 47 rpm and 88± 44 rpm which was dramaticly lower than aortic beating,with a statistical difference at P value of 0.03).Cardiomyocyte was seen in 6 rats who had neonatal cardiomyocyte transplantation,but not in 6 rats receiving media.Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed viable cardiomyocytes in the wall of the vena cava in 6 rats treated with neonatal cardiomyocytes,but not in 6 rats receiving media.Conclusion This study shows that neonatal cardiomyocytes can survive,mature and spontaneously and rhythmically contract after they are transplanted in the wall of inferior vena cava.