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18世纪法国启蒙学者卢梭对待文明与科技进步导致的人性异化,提出了“返回自然”的口号;两千多年前中国的道家学者老庄面对“人为物役”的社会现实,率先发出了“返乎原始”的自由呼声,两者之间存在着惊人的契合。东西方社会背景、文化积淀的差异也使得他们彼此的理论无论在建构基础、达成的目标以及实现的途径等层面都是同中有异,异中见同。但对于自由的追求,则是贯穿卢梭与老庄政治哲学始终的一条核心线索,这种相似的哲学见地共同折射出东西方先哲对人类生存困境的深切哲学关怀,同样都值得现代人思考。
The eighteenth-century French enlightenment scholar Rousseau treated the civilization and the alienation of human nature caused by the progress of science and technology and proposed the slogan of “returning to nature.” Two thousand years ago, the Taoist scholar Lao Zhuang of China faced the social reality of “Man-made military service.” , Took the lead in issuing the “free voice” to “primitive”, with an astonishing fit between the two. The differences between eastern and western social backgrounds and cultural heritage also make them different from each other in their theories of construction, achievement of goals and ways of realization. However, the pursuit of freedom is a core clue that runs through Rousseau’s and Lao Zi-Zhu’s political philosophy. This similar philosophical insight reflects the profound philosophical concern of the Eastern and Western philosophers with regard to the predicament of human existence. It is also worth modern consideration.