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[目的]了解某荧光灯制造企业汞接触工人职业健康状况,分析影响尿汞水平的因素。[方法]根据国家相关职业卫生标准对工作场所进行职业卫生学调查,并按照《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》(GBZ 159—2004)中规定的采样原则在每个岗位设置了一个采样点。对汞接触人员进行职业健康检查,检查内容包括问诊,内、外科,口腔科,实验室检查,B超,心电图等。共调查汞接触工人1031名,其中男性351名,女性680名,年龄20～57岁。[结果]该企业122个检测点空气中汞浓度范围为0.001～0.013mg/m3,均未超标。1031名工人尿汞浓度范围为0.22～58.71μg/g肌酐,中位数为3.26μg/g肌酐,9人尿汞浓度超标,超标率0.87%。尿蛋白阳性198人,阳性率19.20%;神经系统异常113人,异常率10.96%。女性工人的尿汞水平(中位数为3.38μg/g肌酐)高于男性(中位数为3.07μg/g肌酐)(P=0.036);年龄与尿汞浓度呈正相关(r=0.089,P=0.011);工龄与尿汞浓度无相关。[结论]该企业各岗位空气中汞浓度均低于0.02mg/m3,0.87%的工人尿汞浓度超标。性别和年龄可能为尿汞浓度的影响因素。
[Objective] To understand the occupational health status of mercury exposed workers in a fluorescent lamp manufacturing enterprise and analyze the factors affecting the level of urine mercury. [Method] According to the relevant national occupational health standards, the occupational hygiene survey was carried out in the work place, and one workplace was set up in each post according to the sampling principle stipulated in the “Sampling Specifications for the Monitoring of Hazardous Substances in the Workplace Air” (GBZ 159-2004) Sampling point. Occupational health examination of mercury exposure personnel, including the examination, internal and external surgery, stomatology, laboratory tests, B ultrasound, ECG and so on. A total of 1031 mercury-exposed workers were surveyed, including 351 males and 680 females, aged 20 to 57 years. [Result] The mercury concentration in the air of 122 checkpoints in the enterprise ranged from 0.001 to 0.013 mg / m3, none of which exceeded the standard. Urine concentrations in 1031 workers ranged from 0.22 to 58.71 μg / g creatinine, with a median of 3.26 μg / g creatinine, and 9 urinary mercury concentrations exceeded the standard of 0.87%. Urine protein positive 198 people, the positive rate was 19.20%; 113 nervous system abnormalities, abnormal rate of 10.96%. Urinary mercury levels (3.38 μg / g creatinine) were higher in female workers than in men (median 3.07 μg / g creatinine) (P = 0.036); age was positively correlated with urinary mercury concentrations (r = 0.089, P = 0.011); There was no correlation between length of service and urine mercury concentration. [Conclusion] The urinary mercury concentrations of workers in the air of various positions in the enterprise were lower than 0.02mg / m3 and 0.87%. Sex and age may be the influencing factors of urine mercury concentration.