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1961—1963年以保定郊区为主,进行了有关西葫芦毒病栽培防病和品种抗病性方面的调查和试验。初步明确了以下几个问题:1.在种子质量与发病关系方面,一般前期充分施足基肥,后期加强管理的条件,种子质量的差异,并不足以显著地影响病情指数的改变。2.播种期不同,直接影响着西葫芦各个生育阶段所处的温度和蚜虫高峰到来的早晚,因而对西葫芦毒病的严重程度,具有显著的影响,一般三月上旬早播的苇毛西葫芦’病轻产量高,4月下旬至5月初播种的西葫芦病重产量低。3.水肥管理对提高西葫芦的耐病性,有着显著的作用,只要根部能充分供应地上部的营养需要,就能相应减轻西葫芦毒病的严重性。因此在施肥方面,关键问题在于施足基肥,特别是质量较好的有机肥料.在灌水方面最重要的是蹲苗,时间不宜过长;植株进入结瓜期以后,它须保证水份的充分供应。一般在基肥充足的条件下,追肥次数和追肥量的大小,对病情的影响居于次要地位.4.西葫芦的品种显然存在着耐病力的差异。在保定地区广泛栽培的“一窝猴”品种中.白皮品系的病瓜及其严重程度,显然低于绿皮品系。西葫芦与中国南瓜的自然杂交植株,则具有较强的抗病性。
From 1961 to 1963, mainly in Baoding suburbs, conducted a survey and test on the disease prevention and disease resistance of zucchini. The following questions have been initially clarified: 1. In terms of the relationship between seed quality and disease incidence, adequate application of adequate basal fertilizer in the early stage of generalization and the subsequent strengthening of management conditions and differences in seed quality are not enough to significantly affect the change of disease index. Different sowing dates directly affect the temperature and aphid peak of zucchini at each stage of growth, which has a significant impact on the severity of zucchini. Generally, the reed squash Light production is high, with low production of squash disease seeding from late April to early May. 3. Water and fertilizer management to improve the disease resistance of zucchini, has a significant role, as long as the roots can fully supply the nutritional needs of the aboveground, we can reduce the severity of zucchini. Therefore, the key issue in fertilizing is applying Shizujifei, especially good quality organic fertilizers.In the irrigation is the most important is to squat seedlings, time should not be too long; plant into the fruiting period, it must ensure adequate supply of water . Under the condition of adequate basal fertilizer, the times of top dressing and the amount of top dressing have the secondary influence on the condition.4.It is obvious that the varieties of zucchini have the difference of disease-resistance. In Baoding area widely cultivated “a nest monkey” varieties, white skin disease and severity of cucumber, obviously lower than the green skin line. Zucchini and Chinese pumpkin natural hybrid plants, it has strong resistance.