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一 上海港张华浜港务公司(以下简称张华浜公司)建于1959年,是上海港务局从事外贸进出口物资装卸任务的国有大中型企业之一。随着社会主义建设特别是改革开放快速发展的前进步伐,张华浜公司已经发展成为以从事国际集装箱装卸业务为主的具有相当规模的现代化新型港区。至1992年末,公司有职工～3815人,重估前固定资产2.8亿元,各类装卸机械320多台,地域面积62万平方米,有2个现代化集装箱专用码头和5个件杂货深水码头,占据了上海港集装箱业务的半壁江山。 就在公司事业蒸蒸日上,发展前景被普遍看好之际,1993年初上级决定将上海港现有5个集装箱码头和5个件杂货码头,作为投资与香港李嘉诚合资经营上海港集装箱运输业务,以加快上海港集装箱运输业的发展。这一重大的专业结构调整,使张华浜公司受到最大的影响和冲击。企业生产经营失去了“高效率、高效益”的集装箱装卸业务,留下的是“低效率、低效益”的件杂货装卸业务;出现了泊位减少、富余人员增多所产生的巨大负效应。概括起来公司面临“四个大幅度”的现实状况: 一是生产规模和能力大幅度下降。张华浜公司合资前有7个万吨级深水泊位,有35万平方米的有效库场面积,1992年吞吐量为610万吨,集装箱为31万TEU。合资后,7
A Shanghai Port Zhang Hua Bang Port Company (hereinafter referred to as Zhang Hua Bang Company) was established in 1959 and is one of the state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises engaged in the loading and unloading of foreign trade import and export goods by Shanghai Port Authority. With the rapid development of socialism and reform and opening up, Zhanghua Bang Company has developed into a modernized new port with a considerable scale mainly engaged in international container handling business. By the end of 1992, the company had 3815 staff and workers, 280 million yuan of fixed assets before revaluation, 320 sets of loading and unloading machinery, a geographical area of 620,000 square meters, two modernized container terminals and five groceries deep-water terminals, Occupy half of Shanghai container business. At a time when the company’s business was booming and its development prospects were generally favorable, the higher authorities decided in early 1993 that the existing 5 container terminals and 5 general cargo terminals in Shanghai Port should be invested as joint ventures with Hong Kong Li Ka Shing for the Shanghai container shipping business to speed up Shanghai’s Container transport industry in Hong Kong. This major restructuring of the professional structure, Zhang Hua Bang company by the greatest impact and impact. The production and operation of enterprises lost their “high-efficiency and high-efficiency” container handling business, leaving behind the “low efficiency and low efficiency” groceries loading and unloading business. There was a huge negative effect resulting from the reduction of berths and surplus personnel. In summary, the company is facing “four substantial” realities: First, the scale of production and ability dropped significantly. Zhang Hua Bang joint venture before the seven 10,000-ton deep water berths, an effective library area of 350,000 square meters, in 1992 the throughput of 6.1 million tons, container 310,000 TEU. After the joint venture, 7