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接受美学是20世纪60年代末、70年代初在联邦德国出现的美学思潮。接受美学理论家反对孤立、片面、机械地研究文学艺术,反对结构主义化的唯本文趋向,强调文学作品的社会效果,重视读者的积极参与性接受姿态,这都具有积极的价值。现代基础语文教育中,逐渐占有较大比重的经典诗文还在以一副副硬冷的面孔摆在学生面前,被语言的手术刀残酷地解剖着。而高校的古典文学课堂也依然在讲述着一己之言。这种自下而上的文学乃至文化的渐失令人忧虑。本文以西方接受美学的文本理论为依托,结合中国古典诗文的特点,并以人文性、民族性为出发点和归宿,阐述了中国古典诗文教学亟待变革的问题。
Accepted aesthetics is the aesthetic trend of thought appearing in the Federal Republic of Germany in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It is of positive value to accept the tendency of the aesthetical theorists to oppose isolation, to unilaterally and mechanically study literature and art and to oppose structuralism, to emphasize the social effect of literary works and to attach importance to the readers’ active participatory attitude of acceptance. In modern elementary Chinese education, classical poetry, which gradually accounts for a large proportion, is still confronted by students with a pair of hard-edged faces and is brutally dissected by language scalpels. The classical literature in colleges and universities are still talking about their own words. This bottom-up literary and cultural decline is worrying. Based on the Western aesthetics based on the text theory, combined with the characteristics of Chinese classical poetry, and humanity, nationality as the starting point and the end, elaborated on the urgent need for the reform of Chinese classical poetry teaching.