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目前,疾病控制中心(CDC)已收到107例儿童和青少年获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的报告,提出了关于诊断、治疗和预防等方面的不少难题,本文对此作一简述。在AIDS的病原体被发现以前,CDC根据症状和体征规定AIDS的定义是:儿童被诊断有一种条件致病性感染或恶性肿瘤,表明有潜在的细胞免疫缺损,并排除其他原因引起的免疫缺损,例如先天性免疫缺损、先天性感染、药物、淋巴网状细胞恶性肿瘤和饥饿等即可称为儿童AIDS。上述条件致病性感染包括原虫和蠕虫的感染,如隐孢子虫病、卡氏肺囊虫性肺炎(PCP)、圆线虫病和弓形体病;病毒感染,如播散性巨细胞病毒
At present, the CDC has received 107 reports of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in children and adolescents and has put forward many challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This article briefly describes this issue . Prior to the discovery of the AIDS pathogen, the CDC defined the symptoms of AIDS as being defined as: a child diagnosed with a conditionally pathogenic infection or malignancy, indicating a potential cellular immune deficiency and excluding other causes of immune deficiency, For example, congenital immunodeficiency, congenital infections, drugs, lymphoreticular malignancies and hunger can be called childhood AIDS. Such opportunistic infections include protozoan and worm infections such as cryptosporidiosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), gonoriasis and toxoplasmosis; viral infections such as disseminated cytomegalovirus