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目的探讨食管癌患者体液免疫功能的改变及其影响因素。方法１２５例食管鳞癌患者及５５例健康志愿者入组研究。检测外周血清中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３、Ｃ４的含量，对比常人组与患者组；术前、后组；输血组、不输血组各指标的差异。结果食管癌患者体液免疫功能指标中受测各Ｉｇ的含量与常人组比较均见降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；补体Ｃ３、Ｃ４含量均见升高。手术后７天受损的体液免疫功能仍无明显恢复（Ｐ＜０．０５）。围术期输血能加剧术后Ｉｇ的改变（Ｐ＜０．０５）。补体的变化不明显。结论食管癌患者体液免疫功能受损，血清中Ｉｇ含量降低、补体升高。手术及围术期输血进一步加剧这一损害。
Objective To investigate the changes of humoral immune function and its influencing factors in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods 125 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 55 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 in peripheral blood were measured and compared between the normal group and the patient group; before and after the group; the differences in the indexes of the blood transfusion group and the non-blood transfusion group. Results The contents of Ig in the humoral immune function of patients with esophageal cancer were lower than those in the normal group (P<0.05). The contents of complement C3 and C4 were all increased. Humoral immune function damaged 7 days after surgery was still not significantly restored (P <0.05). Perioperative blood transfusions exacerbated postoperative Ig changes (P<0.05). The change in complement is not obvious. Conclusion The humoral immune function of patients with esophageal cancer is impaired, serum Ig content decreases, and complement increases. Surgery and perioperative blood transfusions further exacerbate this damage.