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颠茄流浸膏是茄科植物颠茄的全草,经科学的提取工艺制备而成。本品属抗胆碱类药,主要成分为莨菪类的生物碱,具有解除平滑肌痉挛,抑制腺体分泌的作用。可用于胃及十二指肠溃疡,肾、胆绞痛等。 颠茄流浸膏及其原料颠茄草收载入1995年版《中国药典》。《中国药典》标准中的质量控制项目除流浸膏剂通则下的一般项目外,还包括性状、鉴别、含量测定等。其中含量测定所采用的是在提取的生物碱中加入过量的酸滴定,再用碱将剩余的酸进行中和滴定,按所消耗的碱液计算出样品中生物碱的含量。该方法是容量分析中的一个经典方法。笔者通过长期对该产品的质量分析中体会到,要使分析结果的准确性达到较高的水平,操作时应注意以下几点: 1 叶绿素洗脱前的酸化要完全。操作时应在加酸后摇动分液漏斗,反应片刻,再用氯仿萃取其中的叶绿素。 2 提取前的碱化要完全且要过量。pH值要在11以上,整个提取过程都要保持这种碱性状态,因此在操作时要定期测pH值。
Belladonna liquid extract is the whole plant of Solanum nightshade, prepared by scientific extraction process. This product is anti-cholinergic drugs, the main component of alkaloids alkaloids, with the release of smooth muscle spasm, inhibit glandular secretion. Can be used for gastric and duodenal ulcers, kidney, biliary colic and so on. The belladonna liquid extract and its raw material, belladonna grass, were included in the 1995 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The quality control items in the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” standards include general items under the general conditions of extracts, including traits, identification, and content determination. The content of the alkaloids in the sample was calculated based on the amount of lye consumed. This method is a classic method in volume analysis. Through the long-term analysis of the quality of the product, the author realized that the accuracy of the analysis results should reach a high level, and the following points should be noted during operation: 1 The acidification before chlorophyll elution should be complete. During the operation, the separatory funnel shall be shaken after the acid is added, and the reaction shall be carried out for a while, and then the chlorophyll thereof shall be extracted with chloroform. 2 The alkalization before extraction is complete and excessive. The pH must be above 11 and the entire extraction process must maintain this alkaline state. Therefore, the pH should be measured periodically during the operation.