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为探讨不同种植模式对水稻田氮素污染流失的影响和经济效益差异,于2016年4—10月在盘锦市鼎翔米业幸福农场内布设试验样地,采用对比试验、费用效益分析、情景分析等方法,开展了常规种植、低化学品和有机生态3种水稻种植模式的减氮效应和经济性评估.结果表明:(1)3种模式中有机生态种植模式的农田排水总氮含量最低,为1.94 kg/hm2,低化学品种植模式次之,为3.67 kg/hm2,常规种植模式最高,为5.87 kg/hm2;(2)有机生态种植模式单位面积经济净现值及经济净现值率最高,分别为23 302.53元/hm2和1.13,低化学品种植模式次之,分别为15 310.42元/hm2和1.06,常规种植模式最低,分别为14 855.92元/hm2和0.93;(3)在水稻价格上浮5%时,有机生态种植模式的经济净现值和净现值率最高,分别为21218.14元/hm2和0.86,分别比低化学品种植模式和常规种植模式高7 425.26元/hm2、0.07和7 972.01元/hm2、0.17;(4)在水稻价格下调5%时,有机生态种植模式的经济净现值和净现值率依然最高,分别为16872.82元/hm2和0.68,分别比低化学品种植模式和常规种植模式高6 030.87元/hm2、0.06和6 715.17元/hm2、0.15.研究显示,有机生态种植模式的减氮效应和经济效益明显高于低化学品种植模式和常规种植模式.
In order to explore the impact of different cropping patterns on the loss of nitrogen from paddy fields and their economic benefits, a pilot site was set up in the Happy Farm in Mianye, Dingxiang, Panjin from April to October in 2016. The results of comparative tests, cost benefit analysis, Analysis and other methods to carry out the conventional planting, low chemical and organic ecology three kinds of rice planting mode nitrogen reduction effect and economic evaluation.The results show that: (1) the three models of organic ecological planting mode farmland drainage total nitrogen content is the lowest , 1.94 kg / hm2, followed by low chemical planting mode, 3.67 kg / hm2, and the highest conventional planting mode was 5.87 kg / hm2. (2) The economic net present value and economic net present value With the highest rates of 23 302.53 yuan / hm2 and 1.13 respectively, followed by the low chemical planting patterns of 15 310.42 yuan / hm2 and 1.06 respectively, with the lowest in conventional planting patterns of 14 855.92 yuan / hm2 and 0.93 yuan respectively; (3) The economic net present value and net present value rate of organic eco-cropping patterns were the highest when rice price went up by 5%, which was 21218.14 yuan / hm2 and 0.86 respectively, which was 7 425.26 yuan / hm2 higher than that of low chemical planting and conventional planting respectively. 0.07 and 7 972.01 yuan / hm 2, 0.17; (4) at When the price of rice is reduced by 5%, the net present value of NPV and NPV of organic eco-cropping patterns are still the highest at 16872.82 yuan / hm2 and 0.68 yuan, respectively, which are respectively 6 030.87 yuan / hm2 higher than that of low chemical planting patterns and conventional planting patterns , 0.06 and 6 715.17 yuan / hm 2, 0.15 respectively.The research shows that the nitrogen reduction effect and economic benefit of the organic ecological planting pattern are obviously higher than the low chemical planting pattern and the conventional planting pattern.