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利用Deform-3D软件对Al-Mg-Mn合金进行了不等径角挤压有限元分析,研究了变形过程中试样的等效应变、等效应力分布规律以及挤压载荷的变化情况,并与同等条件下的等径角挤压进行了对比。模拟结果表明,不等径角挤压过程中,坯料在转角处会同时发生剪切变形与径向挤压变形,所需的挤压力较等径角挤压更大,但单道次应变量显著提升,提高了挤压效率与晶粒细化能力;不等径角挤压后,应变沿坯料长度方向呈现分段分布,从料头区域至料尾方向逐渐增大,然而坯料横截面上各处应变差别较小、无应变层化现象。实验验证结果表明,UECAP工艺可以显著细化Al-Mg6-Mn0.7合金晶粒,与模拟结果相符。
The finite element analysis of Al-Mg-Mn alloy was carried out by Deform-3D software. The equivalent strain, the distribution law of equivalent stress and the variation of extrusion load were studied. It is contrasted with the isometric angular extrusion under the same conditions. The simulation results show that during the process of unequal angular extrusion, the billet will be sheared and deformed at the corner at the same time. The required squeezing pressure is larger than that at the same diameter. However, The variables increase significantly and improve the extrusion efficiency and grain refinement ability. After extrusion at different angular angles, the strain distributes in sections along the length of the billet, and increases gradually from the head area to the tail of the billet. However, Strain differences throughout the smaller, no stratification phenomenon. Experimental results show that, UECAP process can significantly refine the Al-Mg6-Mn0.7 alloy grains, consistent with the simulation results.