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黄瓜一般是雌雄同株的植物,同一株上的花有雌花和雄花两种性别。其中只有雌花能结果,雄花不过起授粉的作用。因此生产上获得黄瓜的早熟丰产的重要因素之一是争取尽可能早分化雌花和多分化雌花。然后在这一基础上保证雌花的结实和果实的充分生长。为了获得黄瓜早熟丰产,应该了解和掌握许多有关的因素。性别分化不过是其中的一个因素。本文只就黄瓜性别分化这个专题,着重综述性别分化的规律,以及控制性别分化达到早熟丰产的技术措施。一、黄瓜的性型黄瓜一般品种是雌雄同株的,但是它和其它瓜类一样,它的花、植株和品种各有较复杂的多种性型。黄瓜的花依其构造和性能分为下列性型: 完全花:花内的雌蕊和雄蕊都有效的称为完全花。如果花内雌蕊有效,雄蕊大部分退化,其残余部分有效,称为“准完全花”。
Cucumber is generally monoecious plants, flowers on the same strain of female flowers and male flowers of both sexes. Among them, only female flowers can produce fruit, but male flowers play the role of pollination. Therefore, one of the important factors in the production of cucumbers for early maturity and high yield is to try to differentiate the female flower and the multiple female flower as early as possible. And then on this basis to ensure that the strong female fruit and fruit full growth. In order to get cucumber precocious yield, we should understand and master many related factors. Sexual differentiation is but one of the factors. This article only on the topic of gender differentiation of cucumber, focusing on the law of gender differentiation, as well as control of gender differentiation to achieve early maturity of the technical measures. First, the type of cucumber Cucumber general varieties are monoecious, but it and other melons, its flowers, plants and varieties have more complex variety of types. Cucumber flowers according to their structure and properties are divided into the following types: Completely flowers: flower pistils and stamens are effectively known as the complete flower. If the flower pistil is effective, most of the stamens degenerate, the remaining part of the effective, known as the “quasi-complete flower.”