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本文从果树等无性繁殖植物的育种工作需要出发,讨论了这类植物的遗传特点和研究方法问题。阐明了果树等无性繁殖植物的实生后代一系列经济性状显著退化的遗传原因。提出了果树性状育种值及遗传传递力的科学概念和估算方法。应用这种方法,品种类型间性状的育种值和传递力强弱可以用具体数值来衡量和比较,从而给杂交育种的亲本选择选配提供科学依据。通过和家畜改良中育种值估算方法和应用的对比讨论了果树等无性繁殖植物估算育种值的重要意义和应用前景。
In this paper, starting from the breeding needs of asexual plants such as fruit trees, the genetic characteristics and research methods of these plants are discussed. Clarified the genetic causes of significant degeneration of a series of economic traits in the offspring of fruit trees and other vegetatively propagated plants. The scientific concept and estimation method of fruit tree breeding value and genetic transmission force were proposed. Using this method, the breeding value and transmission strength of traits between varieties can be measured and compared with specific values, so as to provide a scientific basis for the selection and selection of the parents of hybrid breeding. Through the comparison with the estimation methods and application of breeding value in livestock improvement, the importance and the application prospect of estimated breeding value of asexual reproduction of fruit trees and other species are discussed.