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目的分析自编精神卫生知识问卷在中学生中使用的信度和效度,为开展学生心理卫生研究提供参考。方法分层随机整群抽取武汉市1237名初高中生,采用自编精神卫生知识问卷进行调查;间隔1周对其中97名中学生进行重测。选择96名精神卫生专业人员作为对照组进行相同问卷评定。采取相关分析、t检验和因子分析,评价量表的信度和效度。结果 20个项目与总分之间的相关系数在0.35～0.79之间,平均相关系数为0.49。量表的Cronbachα系数为0.73,分半信度为0.63,重测信度为0.68(P<0.01)。探索性因子分析提取了精神卫生纪念日、精神健康、精神疾病防治和精神疾病病因4个因子,累计解释方差53.37%。除了项目7,8,10,其他条目的负荷范围在0.42～0.95之间。结论精神卫生知识问卷在中学生中使用具有较好的信度和结构效度。
Objective To analyze the reliability and validity of self-compiled mental health questionnaire in middle school students, and to provide reference for the research of students mental health. Methods A total of 1237 freshmen and middle school students in Wuhan were stratified and randomly stratified. The self-made mental health knowledge questionnaire was used for investigation. One week later, 97 middle school students were retested. 96 mental health professionals were selected as the control group to conduct the same questionnaire assessment. The correlation analysis, t test and factor analysis were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The correlation coefficients between 20 items and the total score ranged from 0.35 to 0.79 with an average correlation coefficient of 0.49. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.73, the half-reliability was 0.63, and the test-retest reliability was 0.68 (P <0.01). Exploratory factor analysis extracted mental health anniversary, mental health, mental illness prevention and mental illness etiology four factors, the cumulative explained variance 53.37%. With the exception of items 7, 8 and 10, the load for other items ranged from 0.42 to 0.95. Conclusion Mental health knowledge questionnaire used in middle school students has good reliability and structural validity.