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分子筛在催化、吸附、分离等方面获广泛应用是与其微观尺度上具有规则孔道的结构特征有关。为获得具有大尺度孔穴、孔径的分子筛需在人工合成过程中加入模板剂。模板剂最早在20世纪60年代提出的,Barrer RM和Denny PJ在沸石合成实验中,通过加入有机铵碱,合成出了高硅铝比和全硅沸石的分子筛,他们发现加入有机碱后能够改变胶体的化学性质,对其结构的形成有一定的模板作用,因此,人们称有机碱被为模板剂。后来,一些有机分子和无机离子等也被用来作为模板剂制出了新产品,模板剂得到了进一步的发展。因此,模板剂的应用越来越广泛了。
The wide application of molecular sieves in catalysis, adsorption, separation and so on is related to the structural features with regular pores on the microscopic scale. Molecular sieves with large pore sizes and pore sizes require the addition of templating agents during the synthetic process. Template agents were first proposed in the 1960s. Barrer RM and Denny PJ synthesized zeolites with high Si / Al ratios and all-zeolites by adding organic ammonium bases in zeolite synthesis experiments. They found that the addition of organic bases could change The chemical nature of the colloid, the formation of the structure of a certain role in the template, therefore, people call the organic base is a templating agent. Later, some organic molecules and inorganic ions were also used as a template to make new products, and the templating agent got further development. Therefore, the application of template agents more widely.