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断口是指材料断裂的表面。它记录了断裂的全过程,即指裂纹发生及发展的全过程;断裂是个动态的变化过程,而断口是断裂的静态反映。分析及研究断口形貌特征、组织结构、断裂过程、断裂原因与断裂机理之间关系的一门学科,通常称之为“断口学”或者“断口分析”。在断口分析中,经常使用的分析技术有:宏观断口分析、光学显微断口分析
Fracture refers to the surface of the material fracture. It records the whole process of fracture, namely the entire process of crack initiation and development; fracture is a dynamic process of change, and the fracture is a static reflection of fracture. A discipline that analyzes and studies the relationship between fracture topography, structural organization, fracture processes, fracture causes and fracture mechanics is often referred to as “fracture theory” or “fracture analysis.” In the fracture analysis, frequently used analytical techniques are: macroscopic fracture analysis, optical microscopic fracture analysis