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本文报告32例尿毒症性急性肺水肿。慢性肾功能衰竭患者,尤其在少尿或无尿期,突然发生严重呼吸困难、端坐呼吸、咳嗽、咯痰(典型者咯出大量粉红色泡沫状痰)、咯血、双肺对称性布满湿性罗音及哮鸣音、心率超过100次/分、脉搏细弱、血压显著升高或休克,可认为发生急性肺水肿。代谢废物潴留、酸中毒、高血压、贫血、感染都可影响心脏功能,诱发和/或加重急性肺水肿。尿毒症性急性肺水肿的治疗包括严格限制钠、水摄入,应用大剂量利尿剂、小剂量强心甙制剂及/或血管扩张剂、以及透析疗法。
This article reports 32 cases of uremic acute pulmonary edema. Chronic renal failure patients, especially in the oliguria or anuria, sudden severe dyspnea, breathing, coughing, expectoration (typically a large number of pink foam phlegm), hemoptysis, full symmetry of both lungs Humoral rales and wheeze, heart rate over 100 beats / min, weak pulse, blood pressure was significantly elevated or shock, acute pulmonary edema can be considered. Metabolic waste retention, acidosis, hypertension, anemia, infection can affect cardiac function, induce and / or aggravate acute pulmonary edema. Treatment of uremic acute pulmonary edema includes strict sodium restriction, water intake, use of high-dose diuretics, low-dose cardiac glycoside preparations and / or vasodilators, and dialysis therapy.