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研究旨在探讨植物蛋白源饲粮基础上添加巨大芽孢杆菌对杂交鲟(Acipenser schrenckii♀×Acipenser baeri♂)幼鱼消化酶活性和肠道形态结构的影响。以鱼粉(FM)组和植物蛋白源(PM)组为对照,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在PM组基础上添加10~5、10~6和10~7cfu·g~(-1)巨大芽孢杆菌。选用初始平均体重为(12.87±0.65)g杂交鲟625尾,随机分成5组,每组设置5个平行。结果表明,试验Ⅰ组肠道蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于PM组(P<0.05),与FM组无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组幽门盲囊和瓣肠淀粉酶活性显著高于PM组(P<0.05),与FM组无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组胃脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性和十二指肠绒毛高度显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组瓣肠绒毛高度和褶皱深度显著高于PM组(P<0.05),与FM组无显著差异(P>0.05),其肌层厚度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。综上,植物蛋白源饲粮中添加适宜水平巨大芽孢杆菌可增强杂交鲟幼鱼机体消化酶活性并改善肠道形态,巨大芽孢杆菌适宜添加水平为105cfu·g-1。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus megaterium supplementation on digestive enzyme activity and intestinal morphology of juvenile Acipenser schrenckii♀ × Acipenser baeri♂. The fishmeal (FM) group and the plant protein source (PM) group were used as control. Groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were respectively treated with 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 cfu · g -1 giant Bacillus. The initial mean body weight was (12.87 ± 0.65) g hybrid sturgeon 625, were randomly divided into 5 groups, each set of 5 parallel. The results showed that the activities of protease and lipase in test group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in PM group (P <0.05), but not significantly different from those in FM group (P> 0.05). The activity of pyloric caecum and amylostomy in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in PM group (P <0.05), but not in FM group (P> 0.05). The gastric lipase, amylase activity and duodenal villi in test Ⅰ group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P <0.05). The villus height and the depth of folds in test Ⅰ group were significantly higher than those in PM group (P <0.05), but not significantly different from those in FM group (P> 0.05). The muscle thickness of test group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of other groups (P <0.05). In conclusion, adding suitable levels of Bacillus megaterium to the diet of vegetable protein source can enhance digestive enzyme activity and improve intestinal morphology of juvenile hybrid sturgeon, and the suitable addition level of Bacillus megaterium is 105 cfu · g-1.