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一、问题的提出泥沙对水轮机磨损的研究,世界各国都作过不少实验室模型实验和水电站原型水轮机的观测试验工作。但尚有许多问题,如磨损机理和抗磨材料等,目前还在研究之中。我国在这方面的工作,也正在积极开展。因此,目前关于泥沙对水轮机的某些破坏痕迹,尚有不同的看法,也只能通过今后长期的观测和试验研究得到解决。十多年来,我国一些水电站都先后发现了水轮机遭受泥沙磨损破坏的实例。盐锅峡水电站1号机运行二年半后,叶片出水边磨成锯齿形,叶片上有深孔,穿孔(个别穿孔直径达30毫米),转轮下环内表面磨深约30毫米。
First, the issue put forward Sediment research on turbine wear, many countries in the world have made many laboratory model experiments and prototype hydropower station observation and test work. But there are still many problems, such as wear mechanism and anti-wear materials, etc., are still under study. Our country’s work in this area is also being actively carried out. Therefore, there are still different opinions on some of the damages caused by sediment to the turbine and can only be solved through long-term observational and experimental studies in the future. For more than a decade, some hydropower stations in China have successively discovered examples of damage to the turbine suffered from sediment erosion. After two years and a half of Operation No.1 of the Yanghuxia Hydropower Station, the leaves were ground into a serrated pattern with deep holes and perforations on the leaves (the perforation diameter was 30 mm). The inner surface of the lower ring of the runner was ground to a depth of about 30 mm.