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目的了解新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)环境细菌学状况,控制医院感染发生率。方法分别对NICU消毒前后的室内空气、物体表面、医护人员手以及消毒液进行采样检测,并采用法国生物梅里埃公司ATB系统对细菌菌种进行鉴定。结果消毒前合格率室内空气为62.4%、物体表面为51.0%、医护人员手为46.9%、消毒液为100.0%,检测到大肠埃希菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、酿脓链球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌等;消毒后合格率室内空气为87.2%、物体表面为90.2%、医护人员手为84.4%,检测到大肠埃希菌、表皮葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、酿脓链球菌等条件致病菌;消毒前、后质量监测合格率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医疗机构应加强NICU的消毒质量监测,及时发现存在问题,采取有效措施,预防医院感染的发生。
Objective To understand the environmental bacteriological status of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to control the incidence of nosocomial infections. Methods The indoor air, the surface of the object, the hand of the medical staff and the disinfectant before and after disinfection of NICU were sampled and tested respectively. The bacteria strains were identified by ATB system of French bioMérieux. Results The pass rate before disinfection was 62.4% in room air, 51.0% on the surface of the object, 46.9% on the hand of the medical staff and 100.0% on the disinfectant. The detection rates of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and so on. After disinfection, the pass rate of indoor air was 87.2%, the surface of the object was 90.2%, and the hand of the medical staff was 84.4%. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis , Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes and other conditions of bacteria; before and after disinfection quality monitoring pass rate, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Medical institutions should strengthen the NICU disinfection quality monitoring, timely detection of problems, take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections.