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如果承认“公民权利”就是人权,那么在中国人权早就入宪。建国前夕,中国人民政治协商会议就将“实行工矿检查制度,以改进工矿的安全和卫生设备”、“保护女工的特殊利益”以及工时制度等,写进了《共同纲领》。建国后,从1954年颁布的第一部宪法起,一直到1982年颁布的第四部宪法,全都有“公民的权利和义务”专章,其中“加强劳动保护,改善劳动条件”和“休息的权利”等,与我国已经批准的《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》(A 公约)的有关规定相辅相成。即使在暂未采用的《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》(B 公约)中,有关“生命权”、“儿童的权利”等,在我国宪法和许多法律中也有具体的规定。自孙中山到共产党,近半个世纪,为“科学、民主,自由、平等”之主张而奋斗,实质就是争取人权。例如,党领导的安源、开滦煤矿工人大罢工,以及“二·七”大罢工的主要口号,就是“改善劳动条件”、“不愿做牛马,要做人”。新中国,人民选择并走上了能保障自己权益不受侵犯的社会主义道路,人权由抽象的理想成为现实的制度。因此,解决中国人权问题的最佳途径,不是“人权”概念的入宪,而是如何防范违宪。
If we admit that “civil rights” are human rights, human rights in China have long been incorporated into the Constitution. On the eve of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference put “a common program” into “implementing the industrial and mining inspection system to improve industrial and mining safety and sanitary equipment,” “protecting the special interests of female workers,” and working hours. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, from the first Constitution promulgated in 1954 to the fourth Constitution promulgated in 1982, all of them have the special chapter entitled “Citizens’ Rights and Obligations”, which include “strengthening labor protection, improving working conditions” and “rest And so on, complementing the relevant provisions of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Convention A) that China has already ratified. Even in the pending International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Convention B), there are specific provisions in our Constitution and in many laws concerning ”the right to life“ and ”children’s rights.“ Since Sun Yat-sen went to the Communist Party for nearly half a century and fought for the idea of ”science, democracy, freedom and equality,“ essence is to fight for human rights. For example, the party led by Anyuan, the Kailuan coal mine workers strike, and the ”2007“ strike the main slogan is ”to improve working conditions,“ ”unwilling to do something to be a man.“ In new China, the people have chosen and embarked on a socialist road that guarantees their rights and interests are not infringed upon, and human rights have been transformed from abstract ideals to reality. Therefore, the best way to solve the human rights issue in China is not to introduce the notion of ”human rights" into the constitution, but how to prevent unconstitutional violations.